![]() ![]() CO events: data set of 737 CO events genome wide: whole genome promoters: 500 bp upstream of the transcription start site genes: 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions, exons, introns, and transposable elements (TE). (D) Distribution of motifs within various data sets. (C) Manhattan plot of the statistical significance (-log10 of P value) of the CO data set compared with each of the contrast groups: genome-wide (green circles), subtelomeric female-specific cold intervals (pink triangle), general cold intervals (blue squares), and hot regions (orange diamonds). (B) Motif abundance (normalized as the number of motifs per Mb) is shown for the high-resolution CO data set (red), hot regions (orange), genome-wide (green), and cold regions (blue). The pericentric region (∼2 Mb around the centromere) is shown as a gray box. (A) Distribution of the A-rich, CTT repeat, and CNN repeat motifs in chromosome 1 in the upper, middle, and lower panels, respectively. All rights reserved.Ībundance and Distribution of the Three CO Motifs. © 2015 American Society of Plant Biologists. In summary, the crossover motifs are associated with epigenetic landscapes corresponding to open chromatin and contributing to the nonuniformity of crossovers in Arabidopsis. This landscape was conserved in the decreased DNA methylation1 mutant. For example, the Brahma complex is part of the SWI/SNF group of chromatin remodeling complexes which regulate multiple aspects of retinal proliferation and differentiation. Cytosine methylation levels showed a gradual decrease within ∼2 kb of the three motifs, being lowest at sites where crossover occurred. Genetic analysis of several chromatin remodeling complexes has revealed an essential role in cellular differentiation for all retinal neurons. A defining feature of any chromosome is its compactness. For example, we show that there is a peak of nucleosome occupancy and of H3K4me3 around the CCN and CTT repeat motifs while nucleosome occupancy was lowest around the A-rich motif. chromosome, the microscopic threadlike part of the cell that carries hereditary information in the form of genes. Analysis of epigenetic modifications around the motifs showed, in most cases, a specific epigenetic architecture. ![]() The A-rich motif was preferentially associated with promoters, while the CCN repeat and the CTT repeat motifs were preferentially associated with genes. One of these motifs, the CCN repeat, was previously unknown in plants. Three DNA motifs enriched in crossover regions and less abundant in crossover-poor pericentric regions were identified. Background Meiotic recombination is the foundation for genetic variation in natural and artificial populations of eukaryotes. Crossovers were more frequent than expected in promoters. Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. To better understand the factors regulating this variable landscape, we performed a detailed genetic and epigenetic analysis of 737 crossover events in Arabidopsis thaliana. The rate of crossover, the reciprocal exchanges of homologous chromosomal segments, is not uniform along chromosomes differing between male and female meiocytes. ![]()
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